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Wow. For most people, reading is the easiest part, writing is more difficult, speaking is hard and understanding speech is the hardest.
I find English pronunciation very irregular (not phonetic). So reading is hard. Speaking too, because when I construct a sentence in English I “write” it in my head (visually-mentally), then “read” it (vocalise what I visualise); but since my reading is bad in the first place…
Most people, when learning to read, don't care about pronunciation at all. Like why would they? Here is the word. Who cares how it is pronounced if you see it clearly and know its meaning?
Do you not hear the words in your head while reading?
Sometimes I do. But it doesn't help me or stop me from understanding the word. Completely irrelevant parallel process. Especially in English. In my native language we have a strict bijection between letters and sounds, so pronunciation is trivial.
When English-speaking kids are taught to read, and to spell, it's very much an out-loud process, using phonics, and methodically covers the various pronunciation of all the letters' sounds. "Sound it out" is the first step in decoding written words. Then of course there's using context clues to figure out what word you've heard before could be spelled using those letters' possible sounds. And it's not until later, once all the common rules and exceptions of pronunciation are automatic, that you start "reading to learn" and attempt words you've never heard before.
I talk about how grown-up people study a foreign language.
Most adults I know who study a foreign language do so in order to speak it, perhaps visit that country. In languages that build words from letters, the phonemes are important to meaning. Obviously "heresy" is very different from "hearsay," but sow and sow are different words that sound different, while sew and so are also different but sound the same. It's especially important in order to appreciate literature, poetry, music, and jokes.
Tbf, you're not wrong about the inconsistency of English, it's because we stole words, phrases, entire dialects from so many sources. And sometimes we kept the original pronunciation, other times we rudely imposed our phonetic expectations of the time and place when we stole them. Also the "correct" pronunciation for many words is different in different English-speaking countries.
On the plus side for you, that means most people are pretty lenient about what we consider "fluent," and make allowances for accent. Unless they're a racist asshole in the first place. When you mispronounce a word because you're following phonetic rules but that word breaks them, most of us can recognize that version because we did the same thing when learning to read.