Humans.
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They’re the worst.
It's the bacterium Vibrio pectenicida, of the same family as Vibrio cholerae. Humans only exacerbated this by rising temperatures but it wasn't us directly.
We didn't cause it, but we certainly accelerated it.
They got hit with the starfish version of the Black Death, except worse. Seems like evolution should sort this quickly. The few survivors should be immune, but I have no idea how long it takes for them to reproduce.
Had no idea how voracious those little fuckers are! If sea urchins are now an issue, maybe we should start scarfing them down? LOL, we do that in Florida with invasive lionfish. Divers are legally "weapons free" on those beasts and compete to see how many they can harpoon and bring back to restaurants.
I remember watching a short documentary about lionfish hunting, and iirc they turned to allow hunting after they weren't able to teach sharks to eat them. They only succeeded in teaching the sharks that if they harass a diver, there might be a tasty lionfish treat.
Spoiler alert: The answer is capitalism. It almost always is.