So what exactly is the issue? Have Mercedes and RedBull found a way to work around the old compression regulations by expansion of the material and the new regulations enable that same approach and the other teams wanted a different approach?
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As I understand it there are new compression rations for the new regulations to make it easier for new engine manufacturers. It was 18:1 which is complicated and closer to the natural limit as combustion becomes more difficult but the new one is 16:1 which is easier to achieve. According to rumors Mercedes and RB found a way to increase this while running the engine but make it legal when it's measured. This would move the ratio back towards the old ones, resulting in additional power.
And basically the FIA is saying "we TOLD you we would measure it while not running, you could have come up with the same rumored system yourself".
I mean, fair game, right? That's what new rules in F1 are all about. I'm excited about that. Looking at the rules and extracting the maximum.
I mean, yeah. At the same time it reminds me of the Ferrari engine situation, which ended with the FIA outlawing the alleged greyzone for the next season.
Its an interesting approach to optimize if this is the case. They might be able to seek exotic materials that exhibit larger thermal expansion and add them in places like the bottom of the cylinder head or on the piston rods each closing the gap in the combustion chamber (increasing compression).
Depending on where in the engine they can do this, they could also put in custom/adaptable cooling so they could have some kind of control over this during the race as a tradeoff between performance and wear.
That's what I understood as well