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This reminds me of the time when Debian broke their OpenSSL and for two years, ssh keys generated on Debian were basically taken from a pool of only 32k different keys…
That time it was an honest mistake, but it would actually have been a very efficient attack too if it had been intentional. Imagine succeeding at getting your target to use private keys for ssh or ssl etc. from a tiny pool that makes something usually impossible to brute force suddenly trivial. And nobody noticed it for two years.
Well, in the case of closed-source software, you can be dead-sure it is already subverted. As are probably most networks.
In general, I think Linux' many-eyes principle works quite well, just think in the case of the xz-utils backdoor which was caught before it reached large distributions.
I think the much larger risk hidden in plain sight is the amount of private and confidential data which is extracted and gathered from Windows and smart phone OSes. Doing that against the wish of the users makes it not better than malware.