From what years are these? I recently installed Linux on a crappy laptop from 2018 (Inspiron 7373) and everything works perfectly except that it never wakes up from sleep on multiple distros (updated and changed lots of things in BIOS as well, no dice).
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I am not 100% sure.
The Acer appears to be from 2007
The Dell 2007
The Asus around 2015
I've got an endeviorOS box from 2009 and it works OK, occasional lxqt crashes aside
Try Adelie or Antix Linux, they should work great on old HW (except obviously for the missing kmods)
Yeah I got MX Linus running on one of those old Intel sticks that are meant to be conference room computers and such. It's the same age as the Asus and it runs well (admittedly I don't use it much)
antiX is my go-to distro for antique stuff. I even managed to run it on an old laptop from 2005, IDE HDD and all. Surprisingly it was opening fast too. Old wi-fi drivers suck though.
I was running a laptop of this sort (HP from 2008, 2GB RAM, Athlon64x2 processor, 100GB HDD, nvidia card of the NV40/Curie generation, originally shipped with Vista) as a secondary machine up until a few months ago, and never had any serious issues with it under Linux. However, I was running Gentoo with TDE and no display manager (qingy doesn't count), and didn't try to use it for CAD or anything else that I knew was out of its league. It did okay at email (with a native client, not webmail), word processing, 720p video playback, and native games with low requirements (like Simutrans) I retired it in the end because it takes forever to compile gcc on a machine with those specs, and updates started hitting too frequiently.
Its replacement is only about 4-5 years newer, but has much better specs (quad i5 (or was it i7?), 16GB RAM, etc—it would have started life as an expensive business-grade machine, I think), so not useful for comparison.
Core 2 Duos are slow, yeah. I've got an Asus F8SP-X1 laptop from ~ 2008 with a Core 2 Duo T9500, 4 GB RAM, and a SSD SATA drive in it. It was originally a mid-range Windows Vista system. Over its years I managed to upgrade it as far as it could go. It does run standard Ubuntu and Windows 10 - Certainly not fast but it does run. Performance would lean towards unbearable without the SSD. I suspect Gnome isn't doing it any favors and switching to a lighter DE or distro would help (or maybe just ditching the DE altogether) but since it's just a spare laptop it's no big deal.
One of the takeaways from your experiment is if it the system was already crap at running Windows 10 it's not necessarily going to fare better with Linux, at least if you're expecting a nice desktop environment. I don't know if in 2025 we need to equate the "will this run Linux?" challenge on old Windows XP/7 hardware aside from the geek/techie users that want to do something with that old hardware. Anyone else non-technical stuck with that type of hardware isn't thinking about Windows 10 being retired.
Put a rescue distro on a USB stick. When you first boot the laptop, use the rescue distro. Write down the USB IDs (lsusb
) and PCI IDs (lspci
). Read through the kernel boot log (sudo dmesg | less
) and write down the names of any kernel drivers that might matter; WiFi, GPUs, USB bridges, and keyboard layouts are important in particular. For laptops, look up manufacturer-specific drivers for keyboards, fans, and power management.
Linux requires about 8MiB of RAM to boot. The entire netbook movement relied on machines with 2GiB or less; I remember putting Linux onto a 2GiB Sony VAIO that had struggled to boot Windows. Your laptops aren't too small, but you may be choosing distros with poor hardware support or large monolithic packages. I bet that one of Debian, Gentoo, or NixOS would boot on those machines that still work; of those, Debian is probably easiest.
Old laptops sucks. Windows use to be very efficient. XP and 7 has held up very well after all these years. And most importantly Linux isn’t a one size fits all solution.
Nah, Windows sucked back then too. If a machine boots Windows XP or Windows 7, then it can easily be made to boot an out-of-the-box Linux distro. The Asus machine you listed might have some boot issues, but the Acer and Dell do not appear different from any of the Acers or Dells that I've put Linux on in the past decade. My daily driver is a $150 refurbished Dell Latitude 5390 running NixOS.