See title. I realized that trash collection systems sometimes differ between streets... so this is just about where you live, whether it is one specific street/building or an entire country. No need to mention exactly where if you don't feel comfortable.
For where I currently live. Government makes colored trash bags (plastics/metals, papers, organic, general waste, etc) that people can buy at local supermarkets, and these bags are required for trash collection. On collection day we just... place the bags outside of the houses/apartments. Some places buy their own trash bins too, but they are rare.
The place I live in seem to take recycling very seriously. I've heard from colleagues that putting the wrong things in a bag sometimes result in the "trash police" sending a fine to where you live. Allegedly the police do that by looking at where your last letter/Amazon/random delivery address (in your paper recycling bag) was sent to...
My understanding is that it is a surprisingly effective recycling system... but with the downside that 1) the city doesn't look particularly great on/after trash collection day, and 2) sometimes the local wildlife will rip open the trash bags
Edit: some more details regarding where I live if anyone is interested. Most people only use four colored bags that are collected per week: blue (plastic, metal, something else...), yellow (paper-based recyclables), white ("residual", essentially non-recyclable items), and orange (kitchen waste). There are also bags for garden waste and heavy waste, but they are not picked up from residential addresses. Glass is either returned to the supermarket (beer bottles) or disposed of at specific dropoff bins. Things like batteries/electronics are specific, I just take them back to the store. There are also pink bags, but they are only used by businesses
Ireland
It's privatized so we pay monthly based on weight and a standing charge.
3 wheelie bins, one black for general rubbish, one green for recyclables, one brown for compost. Our collection is weekly for black bin and alternate the other bins every week.
Recycling is clean dry waste including paper, plastic, tins. Glass is brought separately yourself to bottle bins and sorted by colour. Usually there are charity run bins for old clothes there too.
We have a return system for plastic and cans too which are at supermarkets usually and you get your deposit back, 15c for small stuff, 25c for larger.
All this means we have in the kitchen... 1 rubbish bin, 1 recycling bin, 1 compost bin, 3 large bags for bottles by colour, 1 large back for return stuff. And it's not a big space, it's a real pain.